Discover 8 Spectacular Fish Found in Brazil - AZ Animals
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Brazil is a large country with a vast coastline. However, most of the country's most popular fish come from the Amazon River and Rio Negro, which snakes its way across the northern part of the country. The Rio Negro, a tributary of the Amazon, has more than 450 species of fish, which is more than all the rivers of Europe! And more than 3,000 fish species have been recorded in the Amazon River Basin. Because of this, the area is a favorite of fishing hobbyists. But, it is also vital for the local people. According to the World Wide Fund for Nature, fishing provides jobs to 200,000 people in the communities near the rivers and is the primary source of protein for people in these communities as well. Keep reading to learn more about some of the most popular Brazilian fish species.
1. Peacock Bass
Like many fish of this region, the peacock bass also has a name in Spanish, pavon, and Portuguese, tucunaré. The Spanish name means peacock. The Brazilian name comes from the indigenous language called Tupi and means "friend of the tree." This is because these fish are often found near submerged tree trunks.
Peacock bass is actually a genus that includes at least 15 different species, 12 of which are found in Brazil. The largest one is the speckled peacock bass which can grow to over 3 feet long. While the different species have slightly different appearances, they all have a spot on their fin that experts believe deters piranhas from biting them. Most species have grey, brown, yellow, or green coloring with three large vertical stripes.
Peacock bass mostly eat other fish, including their own young, if there isn't much else to eat at the moment.
This species is an important fish for food in the region, but it has also been accidentally introduced in other areas outside its native habitat. In some cases, they have escaped from fish farms, and in other cases, they have been released into other areas on purpose. When this happens, they can become an invasive species and affect species diversity because of their carnivorous nature. In one case, after being introduced in the Rosana Reservoir in Brazil, there was a 95% reduction in the density of the native fish species.
2. Piraiba
The Paraiba is famous for being a large catfish from this region. They can grow up to 9 feet long and weigh as much as 330 pounds. They eat fish most of the time but some specimens caught have had monkey parts in their stomachs as well. It is suspected that the largest of them may eat humans, or at least try to. In an episode of the show River Monsters, a Paraiba swallowed a fisherman head first up to his waist. Both the fisherman and the fish died after this experience.
This large fish is often considered a prize by sport fishers because it can put up a fight, and is so large. These fish are important for food in the region. However, there are many environmental factors affecting their populations. New dam construction, deforestation, and overfishing in certain areas may have contributed to lower numbers of catches and sightings.
3. Redtail catfish
The redtail catfish is recognizable by its long whiskers, white markings on its side, and reddish fin on their tail. They grow up to 6 feet long and can weigh as much as 180 pounds, but that is at the extreme end. On average, they are more like 4 feet long. Similar to other catfish species, they emerge at night to feed and rest during the day. They eat live and dead fish and will also eat pretty much any other meat.
While this fish is edible, some local people do not eat redtail catfish because the meat is black or grey in color. However, other locals do eat these fish. Their meat is said to taste like pork. It is also an important fish for the aquarium trade, and it is often featured in Amazon-river-themed tanks at aquariums. However, this fish might not be the best for most home aquariums. It is so large that it requires a lot of space in the tank! Adults need a tank of at least 2,600 gallons. They can also be finicky. Overfeeding is a common cause of premature death. They only need to be fed about once per week.
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